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Common stock is your ticket to ownership in a company，rather than just a piece of paper (or now a digital entry)。Owning common stock allows you to vote for the board of directors and company policies，Gives you a say in how the company is run。over time，This stock has the potential to generate big returns。but there is a problem：如果公司必须清算其资产，Ordinary investors only have bondholders、Preferred stockholders and other creditors are not compensated until they receive their fair share。 The stockholders' equity section of a company's balance sheet contains information about the value of common shares outstanding。 Explanation of Common Shares Common shares are essentially a claim on a portion of a company’s assets and profits.，is a kind of ownership。as a shareholder，You are entitled to "fractional ownership"，But this does not give you ownership of the company's tangible assets, such as computers or chairs.，These assets are owned by a company (a separate legal entity)。相反，as a shareholder，You have a residual claim to the company’s assets and earnings，This means you can keep the remainder after fulfilling all other responsibilities。 Common stock trades on an exchange，Available for traders or investors to buy and sell。Common stockholders are entitled to receive dividends as declared by the company's board of directors。Normally，The board of directors will consider the company's performance、future capital needs、Overall financial goals and other factors determine how to divide。Their compensation usually comes from the company's earnings。 preferred stock：what is it? compared to common stock，Preferred stock is a unique form of stock with separate rights。Preferred stockholders have a greater claim on the company's assets and profits than common stockholders.，Although both forms confer ownership of the company。The term "preferred" stock reflects this higher ranking。 Preferred Stock vs. Common Stock Investors can purchase company stock through common stock and preferred stock.，But they should note the important differences between the two。 Dividends A company can pay dividends to common and preferred owners。on the other hand，Preferred stock dividends are predetermined and determined by the stock's dividend rate and the stock's par value or face value。Companies are free to decide whether and how much dividends to distribute to ordinary investors。 If a company cannot pay dividends to all investors，Preferred stockholders receive dividends before common stockholders。Any missed dividend payments accumulate as "dividends in arrears" to cumulative preferred stockholders，and must be paid before dividends are distributed to common stockholders。 Corporate Bankruptcy When a company files for bankruptcy，its preferred shareholders、Bondholders and creditors are paid before common shareholders receive their share of the assets。therefore，Preferred stock or debt is less risky than common stock。 in the long run，Common stocks often have advantages over bonds and preferred stocks。Most businesses issue all three types of securities。For example，Wells Fargo offers a variety of bonds on the secondary market，Includes common stock (WFC) and preferred shares，For example, L series (WFC-L)。 Voting rights Company shareholders have the right to vote on major management-related decisions。For example，Board members are elected by shareholders。Voting rights are usually granted to common stockholders，Preferred stockholders are generally not granted voting rights。 Transactions and Price Changes in Open Markets，Both common and preferred shares can be traded。Investors can choose to buy or sell any kind of stock。 despite this，Common stocks are typically traded by investors，rather than preferred shares。Due to fixed dividends and lower risk profile，Preferred stocks generally have lower price volatility and higher growth potential than common stocks。Preferred stocks reduce volatility and provide stable dividends，This makes them popular with institutional investors looking for a stable source of income。also，These companies tend to trade less frequently than common stocks，This makes them less attractive to retail investors looking for quick profits。 Initial Public Offering A company must conduct an initial public offering (IPO) in order to issue shares。IPOs are an important means of growth for businesses looking for additional capital。Companies work with underwriting investment banks to decide on the type and price of shares before starting the IPO process。After the initial public offering (IPO) is completed，The stock is publicly available for purchase on the secondary market。 Advantages and Disadvantages of Common Stock Advantages and Disadvantages of Preferred Stock Which Investment Is Better：Common stock or preferred stock? Each category has advantages and disadvantages。Common stocks generally have greater volatility and higher potential returns。Although preferred stocks have less return potential，But it may be less volatile。This means preferred stocks will be chosen by long-term investors who can tolerate greater volatility，And common stocks will be preferred by those who wish to minimize this volatility。 Summary As the name suggests，One of the most common stocks is common stock。In addition to interests in the underlying business and voting rights in electing the board of directors，It also gives shareholders a claim on some of the company's assets and future earnings。on the other hand，Preference shareholders have priority in dividend payments and investment recovery in the event of liquidation of the company.，Put ordinary shareholders in a subordinate position。

Common stock is not just a piece of paper - or now a digital entry - but a ticket to ownership in a company。When you own common stock，You can influence company decisions by voting for the board of directors and company policies。in the long run，This type of equity can provide attractive returns。but please remember，There's a problem：如果一家公司必须清算其资产，Common stockholders will be last in line，only if bondholders、Preferred stockholders and other creditors receive their share before they are paid。 The value of common shares outstanding is reported in the stockholders' equity section of a company's balance sheet。 KEY POINTS Common stocks are securities that represent ownership in a company。 in liquidation，Common shareholders will receive from creditors、The assets remaining after bondholders and preferred stockholders have been paid off。 There are many types of stocks traded in the market：Value stocks are priced low relative to their fundamentals，Growth stocks, on the other hand, are companies that tend to increase in value due to increased earnings.。 Investors should invest funds in different securities based on their risk tolerance，To achieve portfolio diversification。 Common Stock Explained Common stock is primarily a form of ownership in a company，Represents a claim to a portion of a company’s assets and earnings。If you are a shareholder，This is "Part Owner"，But that doesn’t mean you own the company’s physical assets，such as a chair or computer；These assets are owned by the company itself，is a distinct legal entity。相反，as a shareholder，You have a residual claim on the company’s profits and assets，This means you are entitled to whatever remains after all other obligations have been met。 Common stock trades on an exchange，Can be bought and sold by investors or traders，Common stockholders are entitled to receive dividends when declared by the company's board of directors。generally，They are paid out of company earnings，The decision to allocate them is made by the Board of Directors taking into account company performance、Factors such as future capital requirements and broader financial objectives。 The first common stock in history was issued by the Dutch East India Company in 1602 Annual issue，and trades on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange。over the next four centuries，Stock markets are created around the world，Tens of thousands of companies are listed on major exchanges such as the London Stock Exchange and the Tokyo Stock Exchange。 Larger U.S. stocks trade on public exchanges such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) or Nasdaq。As of 2023 mid-year，The New York Stock Exchange owns approx. 2300 listed companies，Also 5700 companies listed on other U.S. stock markets，Make the New York Stock Exchange the world's largest exchange by market capitalization。1Smaller companies that cannot meet the listing requirements of these major exchanges are considered unlisted companies，Its shares trade over the counter。 What are preferred shares? Preferred stock is a unique class of stock，compared to common stock，it provides different rights。While both types give ownership of the company，However, preferred stockholders have higher requirements for company assets and dividends than common stockholders.。This elevated status is reflected in the name of the "preferred" shares。 Common Stock vs. Preferred Stock Both common stock and preferred stock allow investors to own a stake in a business.，But investors need to understand some key differences。 Common Stock vs. Preferred Stock Common Stock Preferred Stock Voting Rights The holder has voting rights in the company，Can participate in company policy decisions and board elections。 Generally speaking，Holder has no voting rights，Although this may vary depending on the specific terms of the shares。 Dividends not guaranteed，Paid at the discretion of the Board of Directors。 Usually fixed must be paid before any dividends are issued to common stockholders。 Liquidation preference follows bondholders and preferred stockholders，The holder has the final right to claim any remaining assets。 Shareholders have a higher claim on assets，and receive payment before common shareholders。 Convertibility Not convertible into other forms of security。 Convertible into common stock subject to terms。 Volatility Generally speaking，More because it is more sensitive to company performance and market conditions。 Due to fixed dividends and greater requirements on assets，reduced。…